Initiation Planning Executing Monitor Control Closing - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 479 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/09/13 Category Advertising Essay Did you like this example? ProXalt ® Student RecallSheet © Project Management Process Groups Initiation Planning Executing Monitor Control Closing †¢Based on the Feasibility Study conducted and using Project Selection Methods, the project selection committee selects a project. The client Develops Project Charter, Preliminary Scope Statement and the sponsor approves the project charter †¢Based on Project Charter nd Preliminary Scope statement, the project team conducts all planning activities and Develops the Project Management Plan †¢Project team involves in Planning and Defining the Scope of the project and Creates WBS †¢Using WBS items, the team Defines project Activities, places them in a Sequence, Estimates Duration and Resources needed and develops a Project Schedule †¢Estimate Cost and allocate that Cost to work packages (Cost Budgeting) †¢Plan Quality standards for the project †¢Create Human Resource Plan †¢Come up with Communications Management Plan †¢Create a Risk Management Plan and Identify all Risks.. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Initiation Planning Executing Monitor Control Closing" essay for you Create order Analyze them Qualitatively, Quantitatively and come up with Risk Response Plan †¢Plan on how to Acquire goods and services from outside the organization and Plan on Contracting †¢Direct and Manage Project Execution to ensure that all the planned packages have been executed †¢Perform Quality Assurance to assure that the project team followed quality standards †¢Acquire Project Team members from functional managers and Develop the Project Team †¢Distribute project related Information and performance reports to project stakeholders †¢Request seller Responses and Select one of the Sellers to perform the project work †¢Administer the Contract Monitor and Control project work and Integrate all Change Controls †¢Verify completeness of the Scope of work and Control Scope related changes †¢Control Schedule, Cost, and Quality related changes †¢Manage Project Team and their Performance †¢Report on project Performance and Manage Stakeholders †¢Monitor and Control Risk activities †¢Administer the Contract for any changes †¢Develop Administrative and Contract Closure procedures during Close Project †¢Conduct Contract Closure to close the contract PERT = (O+4M+P) / 6 STD of Activity (STD) = (P-O)/6 Variance of Activity = [STD]2 = [(P-O)/6] 2 STD of Project = vvar1 + var2 + Project Duration = Sum of PERTs  ± (#of sigma’s * STD of project) EVM EV = % complete * BAC CV = EV – AC (0 good) SV = EV – PV (0 good) CPI = EV/AC (1 good) SPI = EV/PV (1 good) EAC = AC / %Comp. , BAC/CPI ETC = EAC – AC VAC = BAC EAC Variance Resultant Profit Total Amount To Be Paid Normal Distribution 1 2 3 6 sigma sigma sigma sigma = = = = 68. 26% 1 STD=1 Sigma 95. 46% 99. 73% 99. 999% Communication Channels = N (N-1)/2 EMV = n ROM = -50% to 100% during Budget = -10% to 25% during early planning stage and -5% to 10% during late planning state Impact * Probability initiation stage Present Value : FV/ (1+r ) FV=Future Value; r=Rate of interest; n = number of time periods Float/Slack of Task-X = [Critical Path Length] [Longest Non-Critical Path that has Task-X in it] Incentive Contract Calculations = Target Cost— Actual Cost = Target Profit + Contractor share of variance = Actual Cost + Resultant Profit (Resultant value is ‘+’ then it is Under Run, if it is ‘-’ then it is Over Run)

Why Animals Shouldn t Have A Bill Of Rights - 1503 Words

AngelicaAyala 10/9/15 ERWC Per. 2 When a cause is brought up and given light, it has a way of splitting people in how they react to it. And such has been true when it comes to granting new rights, because it’s brobdingnagian in our society that is always hungry for freedoms. We are split down the middle on whether, or not to consider animals, just like us, and thus deserve the rights we hold in our society today. On the other end, are people who don’t believe such rights should be given to animals. While the pro-arguments hold value, there is much more to see on the other end. As to why animals shouldn’t have a â€Å"Bill of Rights† like we as humans do. It’s shown in various different ways, even the most popular arguments held by the opposing side. Such as cows hurting the environment, zoo’s being inhumane, and pets. There are other factors as well to take into consideration such as food, psychology medicine, and even culture. It’s often argued that cows are the main source of our Methane emission, giving a strong argument to reduce, or even stop, our consumption of meat. In all actuality, only about six percent to seven percent of all greenhouseShow MoreRelatedShould Children Be Treated As Kids, Not Wild Animals?754 Words   |  4 Pages The topic that I have selected has impacted me throughout personal family experience. I plan to argue: Hyperactive children have been considered to have a behavioral disorder in which medical treatment is necessary. Hyperactive children should be treated as kids, not wild animals. Understanding that not being able to focus, being excessively overactive, and not being able to control behavioral issues is a problem, but all medication have their side effects. 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Thomas Jefferson being president was like a catalyst for change in America if Burr would have taken over the United States would not be as strong as it is today. Thomas Jefferson had revolutionary thoughts about education, government, farming, and land. Jefferson truly morphed United States citizens way of life and beliefs. He was often counteredRead MoreEuthanasia Is Not A Bad Thing2331 Words   |  10 PagesAustin 1 Precis Taylor Austin, in her term paper â€Å"Euthanasia† argues euthanasia can save many people from suffering, but it also shouldn t be taken advantage of. Austin supports her argument by explaining that euthanasia isn’t a bad thing and people should have the right to choose what they do with their lives. The authors purpose is to inform the reader in order to/so that euthanasia isn’t a bad thing it could help many people but there should still be restrictions. 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Ralph Tyler’s Evaluation Method for Math Curricula Free Essays

Proper evaluation of all educational curricula is vital to providing an effective education to students. The purpose of such an evaluation is, in essence, to discover how well educational objectives are being met. An evaluation method must be accurate and valid, however the evaluation must also be accessible to those who need to use it. We will write a custom essay sample on Ralph Tyler’s Evaluation Method for Math Curricula or any similar topic only for you Order Now If an evaluation method is inaccurate or highly complex to utilize, it will either be misused, or not used at all. Math curricula can be especially difficult to match to an evaluation method because of the demands of the subject; scientific validity is a must, and ideally the design of the method would be crafted by someone who has a true understanding of mathematics in education. The evaluation method designed by Ralph Tyler is ideal for use by an educator for evaluating math curricula. Ralph Tyler was a student at the University of Chicago, and he studied under the famous Charles Judd. Tyler obtained his Ph.D. in 1927; he specialized in mathematics in school, which gives his work a particularly effective edge when applied to math curricula. Ten years after his graduation, he was appointed Director of Research for the Evaluation Staff on the well-known Eight Year Study. Tyler believed that scientific study was the key to successful education in every subject, and this was used as the basis for his research. Successful learning and teaching techniques were sought in the study, and from that research Tyler†s evaluation method was formed. Eventually Tyler would understand that all learning objectives should be determined by observing and actively evaluating student behavior within the class. (Pinar et al, 1995) The Objectives-Oriented Approach was popularized, if not entirely fathered, by Tyler. Tyler†s approach follows seven distinct steps: (1) establish broad goals or objectives, (2) classify the goals or objectives, (3) define objectives in behavioral terms, (4) find situations in which achievement of objective can be shown, (5) develop or select measurement techniques, (7) compare performance data with behaviorally stated objectives. (Worthen Sanders in ITGRN) These simple steps make this method ideal for evaluation of math curriculum for several reasons. First, it is scientifically sound, following steps like the scientific method. The method is simple; it does not require in depth research or detailed critical thinking that would take a lot of time out of the evaluator†s busy schedule. The steps are ideal for clarification of ideas, and it helps the teacher specifically ask the right questions of him- or herself as well as of the students. It also stresses empirical methods for evaluating goals and objectives. The shortcomings of this evaluation method are also minimal, including that neglects the context in which the evaluation takes place, and that it neglects the value of the objectives themselves. These are shortcomings which, unlike those of other evaluation methods, are easily overcome when applied to the curriculum by an intelligent person. How to cite Ralph Tyler’s Evaluation Method for Math Curricula, Papers

Strategic Management For Travel And Tourism - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Strategic Management For Travel And Tourism. Answer: About Ryanair Ryanair Ltd is an Irish low budget airline, which was established in 1984. It is the biggest European airline and has carried the largest number of passengers, (Ryanair.com. 2017) the airline company has been characterized by rapid expansion and up gradation (Hitt, Ireland and Hoskisson 2012). The report analysis the business environment for the airline company. Macro Analysis Macro Environment Analysis can be described as the analysis of the external environment of the business. These factors lie in the external environment of the business and do not lie within the control of the business. However, these factors have a tendency to affect the business. For Ryanair airline, PESTLE Analysis has been used to determine and identify the present external factors. PESTLE Analysis can be described as an external environmental tool, which looks for six factors present in the external environment of the business. These factors are Political, Economical, Social, Technological, Legal and Environment (Peppard and Ward 2016). The given factors adhering to the Airline Industry are given below: The Pestle Analysis is employed to identify macro-environment influences of the airline industry. Political: The government of every country wants to strengthen their economy and it knows that this can be done by forming certain rules and regulations, which promote the domestic airlines and this leads to setting up rules like preferential rights. The issues relating to the politics have a wide impact on the key operations area of budgeted airlines. The government has certain criteria pertaining to the rules and regulations, which need to be followed by the airline companies. Economic: This factor is extremely crucial to airline companies especially to a budgeted airline firm like Ryanair. Exchange rates, growth rates and inflation rates tend to govern the policies of the airline firms. Increasing cost of fuel often tends to become an issue for the budgeted airlines. These costs may deviate the company from its core offerings (Hill and Jones 2013). On the other hand, in case of a recession more people will use budgeted airlines as a mean to travel. Social: The budgeted airlines will benefit greatly from the current social trend, as more students from countries like Asia are willing to travel to Europe and other countries for higher education. Students generally travel on a low budget and the current trend will be beneficial for the given airlines. Technological: With the advent of technology and application of artificial intelligence in all the processes, the airline companies will be able to reduce costs and carry out the given task more efficiently. If new aircrafts help the company in reduced fuel, the airline industry will greatly benefit. Environmental: Various European countries have become extremely strict because of carbon emission and various pollution concerns. Therefore, various taxes are imposed on the airline companies through which their costs increase and profits decrease (Eden and Ackermann 2013). Abiding by these rules is necessary in order to maintain an image in front of the consumers. Legal: Government has made various environmental and promotional laws, which the airline companies need to abide by to prevent further losses. Micro environment analysis Microenvironment analysis can be described as the internal environment analysis pertaining to a particular industry. The airline industry is an extremely competitive industry where there exists intense competition. The micro environment analysis of the airline industry will be done using Porter`s Five Forces (Wheelen and Hunger 2017). Porters five forces model is a competitive model prepared by Michael porter, which examines the various factors present within the industry, which tend to have an impact on the business. The threat of entry There are high barriers to enter this particular industry such as: High investment requirements- The investment involved in the industry is extremely high, therefore it is not possible for every firm to enter the given industry very easily. Expected retaliation- Retaliation will be taking place in the form of price wars once new firms enter the budgeted airline industry. Legislation or Government action- In case the industry is saturated, the government will not allow new companies to enter the industry. The threat of substitutes In the budgeted airlines market various new companies have entered who have become important substitutes in the given industry. However, the strategies of Ryanair and its first mover advantage are tough to follow. Hence, threat of substitution is low. In the case of Ryanair, there will not be huge impact on its operations in case the industry is introduced to new entrants. Budgeted airlines focus lies on the prices and costs with respect to the given company (Slack 2015). The prices of the company are quite lower than that of the other airlines and hence, new prices with lower prices will not be able to win. The power of buyers As the switching cost in the given industry is low, it becomes increasingly easier for the buyers, which may be the tourist agency or the ultimate consumers to take another airline. Individuals will be able to choose their preferred airline and in no frills, differentiation is difficult (Evans, Stonehouse and Campbell 2012). However, Ryanair has best policies and is clearly the cheapest, which makes the power of the consumers lower. The power of suppliers The suppliers enjoy very high power in the given segment. There are certain things, which are compulsory to any airline and cannot be substituted for, therefore, it is difficult to compromise with the fuel providers and thus increases the power of suppliers. This is a problem being faced by the online industries. Competitive rivalry In the given airline, industry each company tends to provide same service but very few can provide cheap services like Ryanair. There exist price wars and price competitions in the industry. However, Ryanair still holds a dominant position in the market. It remains steady in its growth. Swot Analysis Strength Dominant lowest cost position Most profitable airline industry Good brand image Technology advantage (Lasserre 2012). Weakness Unable to provide additional services New domestic competitors Rising cost of fuel Threats Increasing cost of raw materials Lack of service and training quality New rules Opportunity Unexplored markets like South-east Asian companies Brand image will help it to expand in premier segment also References Eden, C. and Ackermann, F., 2013.Making strategy: The journey of strategic management. Sage. Evans, N., Stonehouse, G. and Campbell, D., 2012.Strategic management for travel and tourism. Taylor Francis. Hill, C.W. and Jones, G.R., 2013.Strategic management theory. South-Western/Cengage Learning. Hitt, M.A., Ireland, R.D. and Hoskisson, R.E., 2012.Strategic management cases: competitiveness and globalization. Cengage Learning. Lasserre, P., 2012.Global strategic management. Palgrave Macmillan. Peppard, J. and Ward, J., 2016.The strategic management of information systems: Building a digital strategy. John Wiley Sons. Ryanair.com.2017.Official Ryanair website | Book direct for the lowest fares | Ryanair.com. [Online] Available at: https://www.ryanair.com/gb/en/ [Accessed 27 Dec. 2017]. Slack, N., 2015.Operations strategy. John Wiley Sons, Ltd. Wheelen, T.L. and Hunger, J.D., 2017.Strategic management and business policy. Pearson.